gyökérsapka

Gyökérsapka, scientifically known as a root gall, is a swelling or abnormal growth that forms on plant roots. These growths are typically caused by the presence of parasitic organisms, most commonly nematodes, which are microscopic roundworms. When nematodes infect plant roots, they inject saliva that stimulates the plant's cells to divide and enlarge in an uncontrolled manner, leading to the formation of the gall. Other organisms, such as certain bacteria and fungi, can also induce root galls.

Root galls can vary in size, shape, and appearance depending on the specific plant and the causal agent. They may be small and bead-like or large and irregular. The presence of galls can disrupt the normal function of the roots, impairing their ability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. This can manifest in stunted plant growth, wilting, yellowing leaves, and reduced crop yields. In severe infestations, the affected plant may eventually die.

Diagnosis of root galls often involves excavating the roots and visually inspecting them for swellings. Microscopic examination can confirm the presence of nematodes. Management strategies aim to prevent or reduce nematode populations. This can include crop rotation with non-host plants, using resistant plant varieties, improving soil health, and in some cases, using nematicides. Early detection and intervention are crucial for minimizing damage to plants.