gymnosomes

Gymnosomes are a group of free-swimming sea slugs that belong to the order Gymnosomata. These pelagic gastropods are found in all the world's oceans, from polar regions to the tropics, and inhabit the water column from the surface to considerable depths. They are characterized by their lack of a shell in the adult stage, a feature that gives them their name, meaning "naked body." Their bodies are typically transparent or translucent and possess a pair of wing-like appendages called parapodia, which they use for swimming. Gymnosomes are predatory, feeding primarily on other planktonic organisms, particularly other gymnosomes and heteropods. They capture their prey using a specialized feeding apparatus, often involving a radula or proboscis. Reproduction in gymnosomes is usually sexual, with many species being hermaphroditic. Their life cycles can vary, with some species having larval stages that are also planktonic. Due to their planktonic lifestyle and often delicate nature, gymnosomes are considered part of the zooplankton community. Their ecological role involves predation within the planktonic food web. Recent research has focused on their diversity, distribution, and adaptation to various marine environments.