gruvteknik

Gruvteknik, commonly translated as mining engineering, is the discipline concerned with the investigation, planning and exploitation of mineral and energy resources in the earth. It integrates geology, physics, chemistry, and engineering principles to ensure that ore bodies are extracted safely, efficiently and with minimal environmental impact. The field traditionally originated in the 19th century when the Industrial Revolution increased demand for coal, iron and other raw materials, requiring systematic and technology-driven approaches to underground and surface mine development.

Key tasks within gruvteknik include exploration surveying, mine design, ventilation, water management, waste disposal, and hazard prevention. Engineers model geotechnical conditions, design support systems for tunnels and shafts, and evaluate ventilation flows to maintain air quality. They also oversee the selection of excavation equipment and the implementation of mechanized systems to improve productivity. Environmental assessments are integral, ensuring that surface reclamation, noise reduction and pollution controls meet regulatory standards.

In Sweden, gruvteknik has a long tradition tied to extensive mining operations such as the copper mines in Falun and iron ore extraction around Kiruna. Swedish standards emphasize sustainability and community engagement, with broad adoption of digital technologies for real‑time monitoring and predictive maintenance. Today, gruvteknik continues to adapt to challenges like deep underground mining, renewable resource extraction and the transition to environmentally responsible practices.