gluteaalnärv
The gluteal nerves are a group of nerves that originate in the sacral plexus and innervate the muscles of the buttock and hip. There are typically two main gluteal nerves: the superior gluteal nerve and the inferior gluteal nerve. The superior gluteal nerve arises from the posterior divisions of the L4, L5, and S1 spinal nerves. It exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen, superior to the piriformis muscle, and supplies the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and the tensor fasciae latae muscles. These muscles are crucial for hip abduction and stabilization, particularly during gait. Damage to the superior gluteal nerve can lead to a characteristic waddling gait, also known as Trendelenburg gait, where the hip drops on the unsupported side when the contralateral leg is lifted.
The inferior gluteal nerve originates from the posterior divisions of the L5, S1, and S2 spinal nerves.