glutathionem
Glutathionem, commonly called glutathione, is a small tripeptide that acts as a major cellular antioxidant. It is composed of the amino acids glutamate, cysteine, and glycine, and in biochemistry is described as γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine. In cells it exists mainly in two redox states: the reduced form (GSH) and the oxidized form (GSSG). The GSH/GSSG ratio reflects the cellular redox environment and can influence signaling pathways and enzyme activity.
It is synthesized in the cytosol by two ATP-dependent enzymes. First, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (glutamate–cysteine ligase) combines
Glutathionem serves as a key antioxidant by directly scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and as