gluelaminated

Gluelaminated timber, commonly called glulam, is an engineered wood product formed by bonding together layers of dimension lumber with durable adhesives to create large, strong structural members. The laminations are aligned with their grains parallel to optimize strength along the member, and can be produced in rectangular cross-sections, I-beams, or curved forms for architectural flexibility.

Manufacture involves drying the laminae to a target moisture content, aligning them, coating with adhesive, and assembling them in a press under heat and pressure until the adhesive cures. Shorter pieces can be finger-jointed to extend lengths, and multiple laminae can be stacked to form deep beams or engineered shapes. Curved glulam can be produced by shaping the layup around a form. Exterior-grade glulam may use weather-resistant adhesives and treatments to withstand exposure, while interior applications emphasize aesthetic and mechanical performance.

Glulam offers a high strength-to-weight ratio, good stiffness, and consistency compared with solid timber. It can be fabricated in a variety of sizes and shapes, enabling long spans and architectural versatility. Common applications include structural beams and columns, roof supports, arches, and exposed timber features in both buildings and bridges. Its environmental advantages include the ability to utilize smaller diameter or lower-grade timber and to optimize wood use, though it relies on synthetic adhesives and appropriate sourcing practices.

Standards for glulam are regionally defined, with examples including EN 14080 in Europe and ASTM D3737 in North America. Proper design, quality control, and protection from moisture are essential considerations throughout its life cycle.