glomerulosklerózy

Glomerulosklerose refers to the hardening or scarring of the glomeruli, which are tiny filtering units within the kidneys. This condition is a significant cause of chronic kidney disease and can ultimately lead to kidney failure. The glomeruli are responsible for filtering waste products and excess fluid from the blood, and their damage impairs this essential function.

Several factors can contribute to the development of glomerulosklerose. Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause, where persistently high blood sugar levels can damage the delicate blood vessels in the glomeruli. High blood pressure (hypertension) is another major risk factor, as it puts increased pressure on the glomeruli, leading to damage over time. Certain autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and IgA nephropathy, can also trigger inflammation and scarring in the glomeruli. Genetic predispositions and some infections can also play a role.

The symptoms of glomerulosklerose often develop gradually and may not be apparent in the early stages. As kidney function declines, individuals may experience swelling in the legs, ankles, and feet, fatigue, changes in urination patterns, and high blood pressure. Diagnosis typically involves blood and urine tests to assess kidney function and detect protein or blood in the urine, along with kidney biopsy for definitive confirmation. Treatment focuses on managing underlying causes like diabetes and hypertension, slowing the progression of kidney damage, and supportive care to alleviate symptoms.