glíma

Glíma is a traditional Icelandic form of wrestling. It is widely regarded as one of the oldest surviving European grappling styles and a significant part of Icelandic cultural heritage. The exact origins are difficult to pin down, but glíma has historical roots in medieval Iceland and has been preserved and practiced in modern times through clubs, schools, and cultural events.

In competition, glíma emphasizes balance, timing, and controlled technique. The grip is central: competitors typically secure a belt around the waist and use holds on the opponent’s arms to gain leverage. Matches focus on throws, trips, and pins, with an emphasis on safety and technique over brute force. The aim is to throw the opponent cleanly or to gain a decisive ground hold within the rules of the bout.

Modern glíma is organized by national and local associations in Iceland, with national championships and regular club activities. It has also attracted international interest, with clubs abroad and demonstrations at cultural festivals. While not the dominant sport in Iceland, glíma is valued for its traditional character, instructional value, and role in preserving a historic form of grappling.

Culturally, glíma is linked to Icelandic folklore and rural heritage, and it is sometimes showcased at folklore events and national celebrations. It serves both as a sport and as a living link to Iceland’s past, reflecting skills, discipline, and a distinctive wrestling tradition that continues to be taught to new generations.