geómetra

Geómetra is a term deriving from the Greek geōmetrēs, literally meaning "earth-measurer." It is used in several languages to denote a person who studies or practices geometry. In ancient Greece, geómetras were practical surveyors who measured land boundaries and constructed estates; the term later broadened to refer to scholars who study geometry as a mathematical science. The discipline of geometry began as a collection of rules for measurement and land surveying and matured into an axiomatic science with Euclid's Elements in antiquity. Geómetras contributed to architecture, astronomy, and land management through their geometric methods.

In modern usage, the word may denote different things depending on language. In Italian, geometra is an officially licensed professional who performs land surveying, cadastral work, construction drawings, and related tasks; it is a recognized vocational title sometimes requiring exams and continued education. In other Romance languages, the term may appear as geómetra or geométra with similar roots, used to describe either a mathematician or a surveyor, depending on the country. In English contexts, "geometer" refers to a person who studies geometry, particularly a mathematician, while "geometers" historically described practitioners of land surveying.

Notable geometric figures include early geometres such as Thales and Euclid, who helped formalize geometric knowledge. Today, geometry remains a central field in mathematics, with applications ranging from theoretical proofs to engineering, computer science, and design.