geschrieben

Geschrieben is the past participle (Partizip Perfekt) of the German verb schreiben, meaning to write. It is used to form perfect tenses with the auxiliary haben, as in Ich habe einen Brief geschrieben or Wir haben die Berichte geschrieben. It can also appear in the passive voice with werden: Der Brief wird geschrieben.

As an adjective, geschrieben can describe something that has been written. The participle is declined like a regular weak participle when used attributively or predicatively: das geschriebene Wort (neuter singular nominative/accusative), die geschriebene Seite (feminine singular), die geschriebenen Briefe (plural). In combination with nouns it often serves to specify the state of having writing completed, for example ein geschriebenes Dokument or ein schon geschriebenes Kapitel.

Formation and orthography: geschreiben derives from ge- plus schreib- plus -en, the standard formation for German Partizip II of weak and mixed verbs. The stem does not undergo umlaut changes in this verb. The participle remains geschrien in isolation only in specific dialectal or historical forms; today it is always geschrieben.

Etymology and usage notes: schreiben comes from the Germanic family of verbs with the Old High German schrīban and related forms in other Germanic languages. In modern German, geschreiben is not used; the correct form is geschrieben. This participle is one of the most common non-finite verb forms, essential for describing completed actions and for adjectival phrases related to written material.