gerincvelt

Gerincvelt is a term used in medical literature to describe a spinal deformity involving abnormal bending of the vertebral column. The condition can be congenital or acquired and may affect the thoracic, lumbar, or cervical regions. In many cases it leads to a visible curvature and postural imbalance, and it can be associated with rib asymmetry or compensatory changes in nearby structures.

Causes include congenital vertebral anomalies, neuromuscular disorders, spinal fractures or trauma, infections, or degenerative diseases. In some cases it develops during growth spurts in adolescence, while in others it remains stable across life. The underlying anatomy varies, from localized wedge-shaped vertebrae to diffuse deformities.

Symptoms may include back pain, fatigue, reduced mobility, or asymmetry of the shoulders and hips. In more severe cases, chest wall restriction can affect breathing, and heart function may be impacted if the curvature is extensive. The degree of impact depends on the location and severity of the curvature.

Diagnosis relies on clinical examination and imaging. X-rays provide a curvature measurement, often expressed as a Cobb angle; MRI or CT may be used to assess bone, spinal cord, or nerve root involvement. Additional tests evaluate related conditions.

Treatment is tailored to severity and progression. Mild cases may involve observation and physical therapy; moderate cases can benefit from bracing to slow progression in growing individuals. Severe deformities may require surgical correction and instrumentation. With appropriate management, function and pain control can improve.