gasinsolid

Gasinsolid is a term used to describe systems in which gas molecules are incorporated into or trapped within a solid material. It encompasses gas atoms dissolved in solid solutions as well as gases confined in pores, voids, or cages of the solid matrix. The concept is relevant in materials science, chemistry, and energy storage, and is distinct from gases dissolved in liquids or free gas phases.

Mechanisms commonly involved include interstitial solid solutions, where small gas atoms occupy interstitial sites in metal or ceramic lattices, and physisorption or confinement within nanopores and channels of porous solids such as zeolites, metal–organic frameworks, or porous glasses. Chemical trapping, physical encapsulation in microcapsules, and clathrate-like encapsulation in crystalline hosts are also observed ways gases can reside in solids.

Formation typically occurs under conditions of elevated gas pressure in contact with the solid, or during synthesis where gas is generated in situ. The resulting gas loading depends on temperature, pressure, pore size, material chemistry, and diffusion kinetics.

Properties of gasinsolids include storage capacity, selectivity for specific gases, diffusion rates, and thermal or mechanical stability.

Examples include hydrogen storage in metal hydrides or porous frameworks, carbon dioxide or methane confinement in zeolites and MOFs, and inert gas inclusions in glass or ceramics. Applications span energy storage, gas separation and purification, sensing, and safety containment of reactive gases.

Characterization methods include gas adsorption isotherms, neutron or X-ray scattering, spectroscopy, and porosimetry, often complemented by computational modeling.