fundamentalistyczne

Fundamentalistyczne is an adjective used in Polish to describe beliefs, movements, or attitudes characterized by strict, uncompromising adherence to a set of core doctrines or to sacred texts as unquestioned authority. While primarily applied in religious contexts, the term can also describe political, social, or cultural ideologies that insist on literalism, doctrinal conformity, and resistance to modern or pluralistic interpretations.

Historically, the term is linked to religious fundamentalism that emerged in the early 20th century among Protestant groups in the United States, who advocated a revival of traditional Christian tenets in opposition to liberal theology and secular modernity. Over time, fundamentalistyczny attitudes have been identified in various religious traditions and secular movements, where a similar pattern of literal interpretation, authority of tradition, and opposition to relativism is observed.

Common features include a reliance on literal or inerrant readings of foundational texts, a strong emphasis on doctrinal uniformity, and a presumption of an external or internal threat from modernity, secularism, or dissent. Fundamentalistyczne movements often promote moral absolutism, insist on maintaining traditional social roles, and advocate for norms perceived as essential to group identity. They may also advocate separatist or insular practices to preserve purity of doctrine or community.

Scholars distinguish fundamentalistyczne orientations from broader conservatism or reformism, noting that not every traditionalist stance is fundamentalist. Critics argue that such movements can foster intolerance toward dissent, minorities, or pluralism, while supporters emphasize clarity of values and communal cohesion. The term is widely used in Polish media and academia to describe groups or ideologies that demand rigid adherence to core principles.