fotopolümerisatsioon

Fotopolümerisatsioon, also known as photopolymerization, is a chemical process in which monomers or polymers are linked together to form a polymer chain or network through the use of light. This process is initiated by photons that interact with photoinitiators, which then generate reactive species such as free radicals or cations. These reactive species then propagate the polymerization reaction by reacting with monomer molecules.

The efficiency and rate of photopolymerization depend on several factors, including the intensity and wavelength of the light source, the concentration and type of photoinitiator, and the nature of the monomers used. Different wavelengths of light can be used to activate specific photoinitiators, allowing for control over the polymerization process. For instance, UV light is commonly employed due to its high energy and ability to efficiently activate many photoinitiator systems.

Photopolymerization finds widespread applications in various fields. It is extensively used in the production of inks, coatings, adhesives, and 3D printing resins. In dentistry, light-curable resins utilize photopolymerization for dental fillings and sealants. In electronics, it is employed for the manufacturing of printed circuit boards and microelectronic components. The ability to cure materials rapidly and with high spatial control makes photopolymerization a versatile and valuable technique in modern manufacturing and technology.