fosfatbalanse

Fosfatbalanse refers to the equilibrium of phosphate in the body. Phosphate is a mineral essential for numerous physiological processes, including bone formation, energy metabolism, DNA and RNA synthesis, and acid-base balance. The body tightly regulates phosphate levels to maintain these functions.

The primary source of phosphate is dietary, found in foods like dairy products, meat, fish, and legumes. Once ingested, phosphate is absorbed in the small intestine. The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining phosphate homeostasis by filtering excess phosphate from the blood and excreting it in the urine. Hormones like parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) also influence phosphate levels, primarily by modulating renal excretion and intestinal absorption.

Disruptions in fosfatbalanse can lead to either hyperphosphatemia (high phosphate levels) or hypophosphatemia (low phosphate levels). Hyperphosphatemia can occur due to kidney failure, excessive intake, or certain endocrine disorders. Symptoms can include muscle cramps, confusion, and cardiac arrhythmias. Hypophosphatemia is often caused by malnutrition, malabsorption, excessive alcohol consumption, or certain medications. Symptoms may include weakness, bone pain, and neurological disturbances. Maintaining proper fosfatbalanse is vital for overall health.