forbrændingsmotorens

Forbrændingsmotoren, commonly known as the internal combustion engine, is a heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer in a combustion chamber. This combustion process creates high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which expands and pushes a mechanical part of the engine, such as a piston or turbine blade. The expansion of the hot gas is the source of the mechanical work.

There are several types of internal combustion engines, but the most common are the gasoline (petrol) engine and the diesel engine. Gasoline engines typically use a spark plug to ignite a fuel-air mixture, while diesel engines rely on compression ignition, where the heat generated by compressing the air is sufficient to ignite the fuel.

The basic operating cycle of many internal combustion engines involves four strokes: intake, compression, power, and exhaust. During the intake stroke, a mixture of fuel and air enters the cylinder. The compression stroke squeezes this mixture. The power stroke occurs when the mixture is ignited, driving the piston down. Finally, the exhaust stroke expels the burnt gases.

Internal combustion engines are widely used in automobiles, motorcycles, aircraft, and many other forms of transportation and machinery. Their widespread adoption is due to their high power density, relatively low cost, and the availability of fuels. However, they also produce emissions, which have led to the development of stricter environmental regulations and research into alternative power sources.