fjárhagsár

Fjárhagsár is an Icelandic term that translates to "fiscal year" or "financial year" in English. It refers to the one-year period that a company or government uses for financial reporting and budgeting. While a calendar year (January 1st to December 31st) is commonly used, a fjárhagsár can begin and end on any date.

The fjárhagsár is a crucial concept for accounting and financial management. It allows organizations to track their income, expenses, assets, and liabilities over a defined period. This structured approach facilitates the preparation of financial statements, such as the income statement and balance sheet, which are essential for understanding the financial performance and position of an entity.

Governments utilize a fjárhagsár for planning and allocating public funds. The budget for a specific fjárhagsár outlines expected government revenues and proposed expenditures. Companies, in turn, use their fjárhagsár to assess profitability, make investment decisions, and comply with tax regulations. The choice of when a fjárhagsár begins and ends can sometimes be influenced by seasonal business cycles or specific industry practices. It provides a consistent framework for financial analysis and comparison over time.