fistulográfia

Fistulográfia is a radiological imaging technique used to visualize and evaluate the anatomy and extent of a fistula. A fistula is an abnormal connection between two hollow organs or between a hollow organ and the surface of the body. This procedure involves injecting a contrast medium into the fistula's opening. The contrast agent then travels through the fistula, outlining its path and any associated cavities or tracts. X-ray images are taken as the contrast fills the fistula, allowing medical professionals to see its dimensions, tortuosity, and any obstructions.

The primary purpose of fistulográfia is diagnostic. It helps determine the origin and termination of the fistula, its length, and whether it has any side branches. This information is crucial for surgical planning, as it guides surgeons in determining the best approach for repair or removal. It can also be used to assess the success of treatment for a fistula. Common applications include evaluating anal fistulas, rectovaginal fistulas, and fistulas arising from abscesses or surgical complications.

The procedure is typically performed by a radiologist. After local anesthesia or sedation is administered, a catheter or needle is inserted into the external opening of the fistula, and the contrast material is injected slowly. Fluoroscopy, a real-time form of X-ray imaging, may be used during the injection to monitor the flow of the contrast medium. While generally safe, potential risks include infection, allergic reaction to the contrast agent, and pain. It is an outpatient procedure and requires minimal recovery time.