filariás

Filariasis, also known as elephantiasis, is a group of tropical diseases caused by parasitic worms called filarial worms. These worms are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes, primarily of the genus Culex. The most common types of filariasis are lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis.

Lymphatic filariasis affects the lymphatic system, leading to swelling and deformities in the limbs, scrotum, and other parts of the body. It is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Onchocerciasis, caused by the Onchocerca volvulus worm, affects the skin and eyes, leading to itching, skin discoloration, and vision impairment. It is commonly found in Africa and Latin America.

The diagnosis of filariasis typically involves a combination of clinical examination, blood tests, and imaging studies. Treatment options include anthelmintic drugs, such as ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine, which are effective against lymphatic filariasis. Onchocerciasis can be treated with ivermectin and doxycycline. Prevention strategies focus on reducing mosquito populations through vector control measures, such as the use of insecticides and mosquito nets.

Filariasis is a significant public health concern due to its impact on quality of life and economic productivity. Efforts to control and eliminate filariasis are ongoing, with global initiatives aimed at reducing the burden of these diseases.