extinguida

Extinguida is the feminine singular past participle of the Spanish verb extinguir, meaning to extinguish, put out, or stop. It functions as an adjective and as a passive participle, agreeing with feminine singular nouns. It is used to describe something that has been put out, finished, or terminated, in both literal and figurative senses.

Etymology and form: Extinguir comes from Latin exstinguere, formed by ex- (out) and stinguere (to quench). The participle extinguida (feminine) corresponds to feminine nouns, while masculine forms include extinguido and extinguida for different grammatical genders and numbers. In general, extinguida appears in compound tenses with estar or similar constructions, or in passive voice.

Usage and examples: In everyday language, you might say, "La llama está extinguida" or "La llama fue extinguida por los bomberos" to indicate a fire has been put out. The word can also appear in legal or administrative contexts to denote cessation or dissolution, as in "la empresa fue extinguida" or "la garantía quedó extinguida," meaning the entity or right has ceased to exist or to be in force. The related noun is extinguimiento or extinción, used for the act of extinguishing or the state of being extinguished.

Related terms: Extinguir is the base verb; extinguido and extinguida are its participle forms; extinction (extinción) is the corresponding noun. In contrast, apagado is a more general synonym for off or extinguished in everyday language, especially about lights or flames.