exhales

Exhales is the act of expelling air from the lungs as part of the breathing cycle. The term can function as a verb (he exhales) or as a general reference to the exhalation event within respiration. Exhales contribute to maintaining gas exchange and acid-base balance by removing carbon dioxide produced by tissue metabolism.

During exhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, reducing the thoracic volume and increasing intrapulmonary pressure, causing air to flow out via the airways. In quiet breathing, expiration is primarily passive, driven by elastic recoil. In active or forced exhalation, such as during vigorous exercise or singing, abdominal muscles and internal intercostal muscles contract to push air out more quickly and forcefully.

Exhales vary in duration and intensity depending on activity, posture, health, and emotional state. Exhalation can be through the nose or mouth; nasal exhalation helps warm and humidify air. In many practices like meditation, yoga, and singing, controlled exhalation is used to regulate arousal, speech, or performance. The rate and shape of exhalation influence phonation, whispering, and wind instrument playing.

Clinical notes: Abnormal exhalation may be a sign of respiratory conditions; however, this article does not provide medical advice. For general health, balanced breathing with relaxed exhalation supports carbon dioxide elimination and respiratory efficiency.