exercitânduse

Exercitânduse is a Romanian verbal form composed of the gerund of a- exercita (exercitând) and the enclitic reflexive pronoun -se. In standard modern Romanian orthography the expected spelling is exercitându-se (with the linking vowel u and hyphen), and the form expresses an adverbial or circumstantial action — roughly “while exercising/practicing oneself” or “by exercising” — often indicating simultaneous or accompanying action.

Grammatically, the construction combines the gerund, which marks an action concurrent with or related to the main verb, and the reflexive pronoun, which can signal a reflexive, reciprocal, or passive-like meaning depending on context. It is used to form adverbial clauses, participial phrases, and concise subordinate constructions in both spoken and written Romanian.

Etymologically, it derives from Latin exercitāre via the Romanian infinitive a exercita; the gerund is formed with the suffix -ând typical for first-conjugation verbs, with -u- inserted before the clitic pronoun for phonetic reasons.

Examples:

- Exercitându-se regulat, sportivul și-a îmbunătățit condiția. (By exercising regularly, the athlete improved his condition.)

- Problema, exercitându-se în mod constant, a devenit tot mai dificilă. (The issue, being exercised/manifest continuously, became increasingly difficult.)

Nonstandard renderings without diacritics or hyphenation (exercitânduse) appear in informal digital text but are not preferred in formal writing.