excluduntur

Excluduntur is a Latin verb form that translates as “they are excluded.” It is the present passive indicative, third-person plural of excludere, a verb of the 3rd conjugation. The form expresses a state in which a subject is prevented from participation, access, or inclusion, typically by some agent or rule.

Etymology and sense: excludere comes from ex- “out” plus cludere “to close.” The sense ranges from a physical shutout to more figurative exclusions from rights, privileges, or participation. In legal and ecclesiastical Latin, excluduntur is used to describe persons or groups barred from a particular action, office, status, or entitlement.

Usage notes and example: The form is common in medieval and early modern Latin texts as a neutral statement of fact rather than a judgment. It contrasts with excludunt, the active form “they exclude.” Example: “Hi homines excluduntur ab accessu ad officium,” meaning these men are excluded from access to the office. More generally, excluduntur can appear with prepositions such as ab or de to indicate the thing from which exclusion occurs, for example in contexts of eligibility, participation, or rights.

See also: excludere, exclusion, exclusionary. Excluduntur serves as a standard example of the passive voice in Latin and illustrates how the language encodes removal from rights or participation within formal or institutional discourse.