eucharisztia

Eucharisztia, also called the Eucharist, is one of the central sacraments in many Christian traditions. The term derives from Latin eucharistia, from Greek eucharistía, meaning "thanksgiving." It commemorates Jesus Christ’s Last Supper, in which he shared bread and wine with his disciples and instructed them to do this in remembrance of him.

Practices and theological emphasis vary by tradition. In the Roman Catholic Church, the Eucharist is understood as the real presence of Christ in the elements, accomplished through the doctrine of transubstantiation; the bread and wine become the Body and Blood of Christ while retaining outward appearances. The sacrament is celebrated within the Mass and may be followed by acts of devotion, such as Eucharistic adoration. In many Eastern Orthodox and some Eastern Catholic churches, the Eucharist is celebrated within the Divine Liturgy, affirming the real presence and mystery of the sacrament, though the exact terminology differs from Western scholastic language.

In Protestant denominations, views range from a symbolic memorial to a more sacramental understanding of presence. Lutherans and Anglicans often affirm some form of real presence, while other Protestant groups emphasize the memorial aspect of Christ’s sacrifice and command to remember.

Reception and practice vary by community. Communion is typically offered to baptized Christians and may be limited by age, preparation, or other pastoral rules. The frequency of celebration ranges from weekly to monthly in some churches. The Eucharist has long shaped Christian worship, doctrine, and ecumenical dialogue, serving as a focal point of faith and community.