escaliger

Escaliger refers to a specific type of architectural feature found in medieval castles and fortifications. It is essentially a tower or projecting structure built into the angle of a wall, often at the junction of two curtain walls or at a corner. The primary purpose of an escaliger was to provide flanking fire and improved defensive capabilities to the defenders. By projecting outwards, it allowed archers or crossbowmen positioned within to shoot along the faces of both adjoining walls, covering any attackers attempting to approach or breach those sections.

These structures were typically square or polygonal in plan and could be integrated directly into the main wall or built as a separate, attached element. The openings within an escaliger, known as embrasures or meurtrières, were designed to offer protection to the defenders while allowing them to aim their weapons at the enemy below. The term itself is derived from the Latin word "scala," meaning ladder, perhaps alluding to the defensive advantage it provided in controlling access or preventing escalade, the act of attackers using ladders to scale walls. Escaligers were a common and important component of castle design during the medieval period, contributing significantly to the overall defensive strength of a fortification.