eradicates

Eradicates is the third-person singular form of the verb eradicate, meaning to destroy completely or put an end to something. Etymologically, eradicate comes from Latin eradicare, literally to root out. In everyday usage, the term can describe eliminating diseases, pests, poverty, corruption, or other problems, but it implies total removal rather than mere reduction.

In public health and epidemiology, eradication has a precise meaning: the permanent global reduction of a disease to zero new cases, with no ongoing interventions required to maintain that status. This distinguishes eradication from elimination, which refers to zero incidence in a defined geographic area with the possibility of reintroduction from outside. Achieving eradication typically requires interruption of transmission, robust surveillance, and sustainable prevention measures, along with political and financial commitment.

Notable eradication efforts include smallpox, declared eradicated in 1980 after successful global vaccination and surveillance campaigns. Rinderpest, a cattle disease, was declared eradicated in 2011. Other diseases, such as dracunculiasis (guinea worm disease) and poliomyelitis, have made substantial progress but remain targets for global eradication, facing challenges like reservoirs, asymptomatic carriers, and access to affected populations.

Beyond health, eradication is also used in agriculture, ecology, and policy to describe efforts that aim to eliminate a pest, invasive species, or harmful practice across borders. In practice, the term is often accompanied by discussions of feasibility, ethics, cost, and the risk of reintroduction.