epiphyllous

Epiphyllous refers to plants that grow on the surface of other plants. This mode of life is called epiphytism. Epiphyllous plants are not parasitic; they do not obtain nutrients from their host plant. Instead, they use the host for physical support, growing on its leaves, stems, or bark. Their roots are typically adapted to absorb moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, and any debris that collects around them.

Common examples of epiphyllous plants include certain species of mosses, lichens, ferns, and orchids. These plants have evolved various strategies to thrive in this elevated environment. Some have specialized aerial roots that anchor them firmly to the host and absorb water and nutrients. Others may have leaves or structures that capture rainwater and organic matter. The habitat provided by the host plant can offer advantages such as increased light exposure compared to the forest floor and a means to reach a wider dispersal area.

The presence of epiphyllous organisms can sometimes impact the host plant, though generally not in a harmful way. In some cases, a dense covering of epiphyllous growth might slightly reduce light penetration to the host's leaves or increase humidity, which can have minor physiological effects. However, epiphytism is a widespread and ecologically significant phenomenon, contributing to biodiversity, particularly in tropical and subtropical rainforests where moisture levels are high.