ephrinA4

EphrinA4 is a protein that plays a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication within the body. It belongs to the ephrin family, which are membrane-bound ligands that interact with Eph receptor tyrosine kinases. Specifically, ephrinA4 binds to EphA receptors. This interaction is a key component of the ephrin signaling pathway, which is involved in a wide range of developmental and physiological processes.

The primary function of ephrinA4 is to mediate cell adhesion and repulsion. When ephrinA4 on one cell surface binds to an EphA receptor on an adjacent cell, it triggers intracellular signaling cascades in both cells. This signaling can lead to changes in cell movement, differentiation, and survival. In developmental contexts, ephrinA4 is essential for the proper formation of tissues and organs. It guides the migration of cells, helps to establish boundaries between different cell populations, and influences the formation of neural connections.

Dysregulation of ephrinA4 signaling has been implicated in various diseases, particularly in cancer. In some cancers, ephrinA4 expression is altered, contributing to tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Research into ephrinA4 continues to uncover its complex roles in both normal development and disease states, making it a significant area of study in cell biology and medicine.