endoprotézises

Endoprotézises, often referred to as joint replacements, are prosthetic devices designed to replace damaged or diseased joints in the body. These devices are surgically implanted to restore mobility and alleviate pain caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or severe injury. The most common endoprotézises are for the hip and knee, but they can also be used for shoulders, elbows, ankles, and fingers.

The basic components of an endoprotézises typically include a femoral component, a tibial component, and a patellar component (for knee replacements) or a femoral head and acetabular cup (for hip replacements). These components are usually made from a combination of medical-grade metals like titanium or cobalt-chromium alloys, and high-density polyethylene or ceramic materials. The specific materials used are chosen for their durability, biocompatibility, and ability to withstand the forces of weight-bearing and movement.

The surgery involves removing the damaged portions of the joint and preparing the bone surfaces to accept the prosthetic components. These components are then fixed to the bone either by cementing them in place or by using a porous surface that encourages bone to grow into the implant, a process known as cementless fixation. Rehabilitation after surgery is crucial for optimal recovery, involving physical therapy to regain strength, flexibility, and range of motion. While endoprotézises can significantly improve quality of life, they are not permanent solutions and may eventually require revision surgery due to wear and tear or loosening.