emätintulehdukseen

Emätintulehdus, also known as vaginitis, is a common condition characterized by inflammation of the vagina. It can cause a variety of symptoms, including abnormal vaginal discharge, itching, burning, and pain during intercourse. Several factors can lead to vaginitis, with infections being the most frequent cause.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common type of vaginitis caused by an imbalance of the naturally occurring bacteria in the vagina. Symptoms may include a thin, grayish-white discharge with a fishy odor.

Yeast infections, typically caused by the fungus Candida albicans, are another prevalent form of vaginitis. They often present with thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge, intense itching, and redness.

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. Symptoms can include a frothy, yellow-green discharge, itching, and irritation.

Non-infectious causes of vaginitis include irritation from soaps, detergents, douches, or spermicides. Allergic reactions to latex condoms or certain feminine hygiene products can also trigger inflammation. Menopause can lead to atrophic vaginitis due to decreased estrogen levels, causing dryness, burning, and painful intercourse.

Diagnosis usually involves a pelvic exam and a review of symptoms. Laboratory tests, such as a vaginal swab to examine discharge under a microscope or for culture, are often performed to identify the specific cause. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include antibiotics for bacterial infections, antifungal medications for yeast infections, or anti-parasitic drugs for trichomoniasis. For non-infectious causes, identifying and avoiding the irritant is key. Maintaining good vaginal hygiene, avoiding douching, and wearing breathable cotton underwear can help prevent recurrences.