elektronens

Elektronens is the genitive form of elektron in Swedish and Norwegian, used to indicate possession, such as “the electron’s.” In physics, the electron is a subatomic particle with negative electric charge and is a central component of atoms.

The electron is the lightest freely moving charged particle in atoms and is classified as a lepton, an elementary particle in the Standard Model. Its charge is −1 elementary charge (approximately −1.602×10−19 coulombs) and its rest mass is about 9.11×10−31 kilograms. The electron has a spin of 1/2, making it a fermion. In quantum mechanics it is described not by a definite orbit but by a probability distribution around the nucleus, with allowed energy levels in atoms.

Historically, the electron was discovered in 1897 by J. J. Thomson through cathode ray experiments, which revealed particles with a charge-to-mass ratio inconsistent with known atoms. The discovery led to revisions of atomic models and the development of quantum theory to explain its behavior.

In atoms, electrons occupy orbitals and shells that determine chemical properties and bonding. Transitions between energy levels emit or absorb photons, producing spectra. Electrons also mediate electrical conduction in metals and play a key role in spectroscopy, chemical reactivity, and many technologies.

Modern technologies—semiconductors, LEDs, displays, and medical imaging—depend on the behavior of electrons in solids and in vacuum. The term elektronens appears mainly in Nordic languages as a possessive form, while in English the corresponding form is electron’s.