ektiinodermien

Echinoderms, commonly known as "ektiinodermien" in some languages, are a phylum of marine animals that includes well-known species such as starfish, sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers, and brittle stars. These creatures are exclusively found in marine environments, ranging from the intertidal zone to the deep sea. Echinoderms are characterized by their radial symmetry, which typically becomes apparent during their adult stage, although they exhibit bilateral symmetry as larvae.

One of the most distinctive features of echinoderms is their unique water vascular system, which functions in locomotion, feeding, and respiration. This system consists of a network of fluid-filled canals that extend to tube feet, which are small, muscular extensions used for movement and attachment. Echinoderms also possess a calcified endoskeleton made up of ossicles, which provides structural support and protection.

Echinoderms exhibit a wide range of sizes and shapes, but they all share a common ancestor and several key evolutionary traits. They are known for their remarkable regenerative abilities, with some species capable of regenerating entire limbs or even whole bodies from a single arm. This phylum plays a crucial role in marine ecosystems, contributing to biodiversity and serving as both predators and prey.

The classification of echinoderms includes five extant classes: Asteroidea (starfish), Ophiuroidea (brittle stars), Echinoidea (sea urchins and sand dollars), Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers), and Crinoidea (sea lilies and feather stars). Each class has unique adaptations and characteristics that allow them to thrive in their respective habitats. Echinoderms have been the subject of extensive scientific research due to their unique biological features and ecological importance.