efetivas

Efetivas is a term used in the public administration of Portuguese-speaking countries to describe staff who hold permanent, career positions in the public sector. The group typically consists of civil servants who entered through a competitive examination and are governed by a statutory regime, rather than by temporary contracts or political appointments.

Recruitment and status: Efetivos are usually recruited through concursos públicos (public competitions) and occupy positions within a formal civil service framework. They are subject to a probationary period, after which they gain job stability and are eligible for progressive career advancement. Their rights and duties are defined by statutes or special laws, including rules on pay, pensions, and ethical conduct.

Distinctions: In many administrations, efetivos are distinguished from comissionados (political appointees whose appointments can be shorter and tied to political mandates) and from terceirizados or contratados (outsourced or non-permanent workers). The exact balance and terminology can vary by country and level of government (federal, regional, or municipal).

Context and variations: The concept of efetivos is common in Brazil, Portugal, and other Lusophone jurisdictions, though the precise rules, duration of the probation period, and criteria for advancement differ. In general, efetivos form the core permanent workforce of public services such as education, health, security, and administration, ensuring continuity and merit-based progression within the civil service.

See also: civil service, concurso público, estande probatório, estabilidade.