détaillant

Détaillant is a term used in French to designate a business or person that sells goods directly to end users in small quantities. A détaillant operates within the retail trade, as opposed to a grossiste (wholesaler) who sells large quantities to other businesses. Détails are typically conducted in a shop or through online platforms, with prices set for final consumers. The concept covers a wide range of activities and store formats, from small local shops to large retail chains.

Etymology and usage: The word derives from the verb détailler, meaning to itemize or break down for sale in detail, with vente au détail meaning retail, i.e., selling individual items rather than bulk. The distinction between retail (à détail) and wholesale (en gros) is central in commercial terminology.

Role and activities: A détaillant sources products from manufacturers or wholesalers, determines consumer prices, and manages merchandising, inventory, and storefront presentation. They engage directly with customers, provide product information, handle warranties or returns, and often offer services such as after-sales support, advising on usage, and promotions. In addition to physical stores, many détaillants operate online, combining multiple channels (omnicanal retailing).

Economic and regulatory context: Détaillants are a key link in the supply chain, converting goods into accessible consumer products and shaping competition through location, assortment, pricing, and service. They are subject to consumer protection rules, labeling and safety standards, and various commercial regulations applicable to retail activity.

Examples: groceries, bookstores, pharmacies, electronics shops, and clothing boutiques can function as detallants. Large supermarkets and specialized chains are common forms of retail detal­ling, alongside independent local shops.