dualprosessmodell

The dual process model is a framework in psychology and cognitive science that proposes two distinct systems of thinking. These systems are often referred to as System 1 and System 2.

System 1 is characterized by its rapid, automatic, intuitive, and often unconscious processing. It relies on heuristics, associations, and emotions to make quick judgments and decisions. This system is efficient and requires little cognitive effort. Examples of System 1 thinking include recognizing a familiar face, understanding simple sentences, or reacting instinctively to danger.

System 2, in contrast, is slow, deliberate, analytical, and conscious. It involves logical reasoning, careful consideration of evidence, and complex calculations. This system requires significant cognitive effort and is often used for tasks that demand focused attention and problem-solving. Examples of System 2 thinking include solving a complex math problem, learning a new skill, or consciously evaluating the pros and cons of a major decision.

The dual process model suggests that human cognition involves an interplay between these two systems. System 1 often provides initial responses, which System 2 may then review, override, or elaborate upon. In many situations, System 1 thinking is sufficient and effective. However, in more complex or novel situations, System 2 becomes crucial for accurate and effective reasoning. Understanding this model helps explain various cognitive biases, decision-making processes, and the nature of human judgment.