drúgla

Drúgla is a traditional Icelandic folk instrument characterized by its unique sound and construction. It belongs to the family of bowed string instruments, closely resembling the hurdy-gurdy but with distinct regional variations. The name "drúgla" originates from the Old Norse term *drúgla*, meaning "drum," reflecting its early association with rhythmic accompaniment in Icelandic music.

The instrument typically features a small, rectangular soundbox with a single or double string, often tuned to a drone pitch. The strings are plucked or bowed, producing a resonant, sustained tone that blends with vocal or other instrumental music. A wheel mechanism, similar to that of a hurdy-gurdy, is used to modulate the pitch by turning a crank, allowing for melodic variations. In some versions, a small drum or tambourine is attached to the instrument, enhancing its percussive qualities.

Drúgla was historically played in rural Iceland, particularly during folk gatherings, weddings, and storytelling sessions. Its use declined in the 20th century as modern instruments gained popularity, but it has seen a revival in recent years among Icelandic folk musicians and cultural preservationists. The instrument is now occasionally featured in traditional performances, festivals, and contemporary Icelandic music, symbolizing the country’s rich musical heritage.

While the drúgla is not as widely known outside Iceland, its distinct sound and cultural significance make it an important part of Icelandic musical tradition. Efforts to document and revive its playing techniques continue, ensuring its place in Icelandic folk music history.