dithonates

Dithonates, also called dithionates, are salts derived from dithionic acid (H2S2O6). The core anion is S2O6^2−, the dithionate ion, which consists of two thionyl-like units connected by a sulfur–sulfur bond and each sulfur in the +6 oxidation state. In aqueous solution the dithionate ion is a relatively stable, highly oxidized species, and it forms a variety of salts with alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and certain transition metals.

The dithionate ion is typically generated and handled in the context of inorganic chemistry. It can be reduced under strong conditions to lower oxidation state sulfur species such as dithionite (S2O4^2−) or sulfite, reflecting its position as a more oxidized partner in the sulfur-oxygen system. The salts themselves are generally white crystalline solids and are easily dissolved in water.

Common examples of dithionates include sodium dithionate (Na2S2O6), potassium dithionate (K2S2O6), and calcium dithionate (CaS2O6). These salts are used in various areas of inorganic synthesis and analytical chemistry as stable, water-soluble reagents. Their stability in neutral to mildly basic conditions makes them convenient for prepared solutions and for salt metathesis reactions.

Safety and handling are similar to those of other inorganic salts: avoid inhalation of dust, use standard laboratory precautions, and store in a dry, well-ventilated area. Dithionates are typically not highly toxic, but as with many chemical reagents, proper disposal and handling are advised. In summary, dithonates are the salts of dithionic acid, featuring the S2O6^2− anion, with utility in inorganic chemistry as stable, water-soluble reagents.