dirigido

Dirigido is the past participle of the verb dirigir in Spanish and Portuguese, and it functions as an adjective and as part of compound tenses. In both languages it derives from a common Latin root and shares a core sense of guiding, managing or aiming something toward a target.

In film, television, and theater, dirigido is widely used in credits and descriptions as part of the passive construction "dirigido por" meaning "directed by." For example, "La película fue dirigida por Pedro Almodóvar" or "O filme foi dirigido por Pedro Almodóvar" indicate the person who directed the work. In this context, the noun director is a separate term, while dirigido marks the role of directing in relation to the work.

In communications and marketing, dirigido refers to the target of a message. Expressions such as "un anuncio dirigido a jóvenes" or "un correo dirigido a clientes" mean that the content is aimed at or addressed to a specific audience. This usage treats dirigido as an adjective that agrees in gender and number with the noun it describes (dirigido/dirigida, dirigidos/dirigidas).

Grammatical notes: as a participle, dirigido agrees with the noun it modifies (masculine singular: dirigido; feminine singular: dirigida; masculine plural: dirigidos; feminine plural: dirigidas). It appears in compound tenses with haber or estar, and in passive voice constructions with ser or estar, depending on the desired emphasis and regional usage.

Etymology traces dirigido to dirigir, from Latin dirigere, meaning to guide, direct, or manage. In everyday language, it retains senses related to guidance, direction, targeting, and management across Spanish and Portuguese.