diodeyhtälöä

Diode equation refers to the Shockley diode equation, a fundamental relationship describing the current-voltage characteristics of a semiconductor diode. This equation provides a theoretical model for the diode's behavior under forward and reverse bias conditions. It quantates the current flowing through the diode as a function of the applied voltage.

The equation is typically expressed as I = Is * (e^(V / (n * Vt)) - 1), where I is the diode current, Is is the reverse saturation current, V is the applied voltage across the diode, n is the ideality factor (a material-dependent parameter, usually between 1 and 2), and Vt is the thermal voltage, which is kT/q, where k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the absolute temperature, and q is the elementary charge.

In forward bias, when V is sufficiently positive, the exponential term dominates, leading to an exponential increase in current with voltage. In reverse bias, when V is negative, the exponential term becomes negligible, and the current is approximately constant and equal to the reverse saturation current, Is. The Shockley diode equation is crucial for understanding and designing electronic circuits that utilize diodes, such as rectifiers, amplifiers, and switches. It forms the basis for more complex diode models and analyses.