dimethylpentane

Dimethylpentane refers to a group of structural isomers of the alkane family with molecular formula C7H16 in which a pentane chain bears two methyl substituents. Common constitutional isomers include 2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane and 3,3-dimethylpentane. These compounds are branched heptane isomers and share the general properties of saturated hydrocarbons.

Physically, dimethylpentanes are colorless, nonpolar liquids at ambient conditions, with low solubility in water, good solubility in organic solvents, and flammability characteristic of light alkanes. Their boiling points and densities are similar to other C7 hydrocarbons and vary modestly with the degree and position of branching.

Dimethylpentanes occur as components of petroleum fractions and are typically produced or isolated by catalytic cracking, alkylation and isomerization processes in the petrochemical industry, or separated by fractional distillation and chromatographic methods for analytical and research use. They are encountered as minor constituents of gasoline and other hydrocarbon blending streams and are used primarily as reference compounds in physical and chemical studies rather than for large-scale commercial applications.

From a safety and environmental standpoint, dimethylpentanes are combustible and can contribute to air pollution if released; inhalation and prolonged exposure pose health risks. Handling follows standard precautions for volatile hydrocarbons, including adequate ventilation, grounding of equipment and avoidance of ignition sources.