dikotiliset

Dikotiliset, often referred to as dicots, represent a major group within the flowering plants (angiosperms). They are distinguished from monocots by a number of key characteristics, primarily related to their seed structure, leaf venation, flower parts, and vascular tissue arrangement.

The most defining feature of dicots is their seed, which contains two embryonic leaves, or cotyledons. These cotyledons often serve as a food source for the developing embryo and may emerge above ground during germination. In contrast, monocots have only one cotyledon. Another common distinguishing trait is leaf venation; dicot leaves typically exhibit a net-like or branching pattern of veins, whereas monocot leaves usually have parallel veins.

Flower parts in dicots are generally found in multiples of four or five. This means that petals, sepals, and stamens are commonly present in groups of four or five, or their multiples. Monocots, on the other hand, tend to have flower parts in multiples of three.

Internally, the vascular bundles in the stem of a dicot are arranged in a ring. This arrangement allows for secondary growth, which is the thickening of the stem and roots over time, leading to the formation of wood in many dicot species. In monocots, vascular bundles are typically scattered throughout the stem. While "dicotyledon" is the traditional term, modern botanical classification has led to a re-evaluation of this group, with some traditional dicots now placed within the monocot lineage, and the term "eudicots" being used for the vast majority of what were previously considered dicots.