digastricusgren

The digastricus muscle, often referred to in anatomical terminology as the *musculus digastricus*, is a paired muscle located in the anterior (front) region of the neck. It plays a crucial role in the movement of the mandible (jawbone), contributing to both opening and stabilizing the mouth. The name "digastricus" derives from the Latin words *digastrim*, meaning "two-bellied," which reflects its dual-headed structure.

The muscle consists of two bellies connected by an intermediate tendon. The anterior belly originates from the digastric fossa of the mandible, while the posterior belly arises from the mastoid notch of the temporal bone. Both bellies converge at an intermediate tendon, which is attached to the hyoid bone via a fibrous loop known as the digastric sling. This unique arrangement allows the digastricus to function effectively in conjunction with other neck muscles.

The primary function of the digastricus is to depress the mandible, facilitating jaw opening. It also assists in elevating the hyoid bone during swallowing and speaking. Innervation of the anterior belly is provided by the mandibular branch of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII), whereas the posterior belly is innervated by the mylohyoid nerve, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V).

Anatomically, the digastricus is situated superficial to the mylohyoid muscle and lies above the submandibular gland. Its position and function make it an important structure in both clinical and anatomical studies, particularly in procedures involving the mandible, hyoid bone, or adjacent soft tissues. Dysfunction or injury to the digastricus can affect mastication, speech, and swallowing, necessitating careful consideration in medical and surgical contexts.