dialüüsiseade

Dialüüsiseade, commonly known as a dialysis machine, is a medical device used to perform extracorporeal blood purification, a process known as dialysis. It is primarily used to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when a person's kidneys are no longer functioning adequately. This condition is known as kidney failure or end-stage renal disease. The dialüüsiseade essentially acts as an artificial kidney, performing the vital functions that healthy kidneys can no longer carry out.

The core components of a dialüüsiseade include a blood pump, which circulates the patient's blood, and a dialyzer, also referred to as an artificial kidney. The dialyzer contains a semipermeable membrane that separates the blood from a dialysis fluid called dialysate. Waste products such as urea and creatinine, along with excess electrolytes and fluid, pass from the blood across the membrane into the dialysate, while essential substances like red blood cells and proteins remain in the blood. The dialysate is continuously replenished and drained, carrying the removed waste products away. The machine also monitors and controls various parameters such as blood flow rate, dialysate composition and temperature, and pressure to ensure the safety and efficacy of the treatment. Different types of dialysis, such as hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, utilize specialized equipment, but the fundamental principle of blood purification through a membrane remains central.