dialysointikalvon

Dialysointikalvo, often referred to as a dialysis membrane, is a selectively permeable barrier used in hemodialysis. Its primary function is to separate blood from the dialysis fluid, also known as dialysate. This membrane allows for the exchange of waste products, excess fluid, and electrolytes from the blood into the dialysate, while preventing the loss of essential components like blood cells and large proteins.

The construction of a dialysointikalvo is crucial for its effectiveness. Typically, these membranes are made from synthetic polymers, such as polysulfone, polyethersulfone, or cellulose-based materials. The pore size distribution within the membrane is carefully engineered to achieve the desired clearance of solutes. Smaller pores allow for the passage of small molecules like urea and creatinine, while larger pores can also facilitate the removal of larger waste products and some excess fluid.

During hemodialysis, blood is pumped from the patient's body through the dialysointikalvo, which is housed within a dialyzer. On the other side of the membrane, fresh dialysate flows, creating a concentration gradient. This gradient drives the diffusion of waste products from the blood, where their concentration is high, to the dialysate, where their concentration is low. Similarly, excess electrolytes can be removed or added to the blood to normalize their levels. Ultrafiltration, the process of removing excess fluid, is achieved by creating a pressure gradient across the membrane. The dialysointikalvo is a critical component, enabling the life-sustaining process of waste removal and fluid balance for individuals with kidney failure.