denunciaquerella

Denunciaquerella is a procedural instrument used in some civil-law jurisdictions to initiate criminal action by a private individual. It merges elements of a denuncia, a report to authorities about suspected crime, with those of a querella, a formal accusation that can trigger judicial proceedings. The aim is to streamline the initiation of criminal action by presenting both the factual report and the formal charge in a single act.

Typically, a denunciaquerella is filed with the competent authority, such as a court or public prosecutor's office. The document usually states the facts, identifies the alleged offender, names the crime, and attaches any supporting evidence. Depending on the jurisdiction, it may make the complainant a party to the case and grant certain procedural rights, such as the ability to participate in hearings or seek protective measures. The state and its prosecutors retain control over the investigation and the decision to pursue charges, with the denunciaquerella serving as the catalyst.

The availability and effects of the instrument vary by country. In some systems, it is reserved for offences that admit private prosecution or for crimes against private rights; in others, it is a way to expedite or formalize the filing of charges. It is distinct from a mere denuncia, which may lead to an investigation without an accompanying formal accusation, and from a separate querella, which might require a separate filing.

Because rules differ, individuals considering a denunciaquerella should consult local law or a legal professional to understand admissibility, procedures, and consequences in their jurisdiction.