dendam

Dendam is a noun in Indonesian and Malay that denotes a persistent feeling of resentment or a desire for revenge arising from a perceived wrong. It can refer to a personal grudge or to the act of seeking retribution, as in balas dendam (to retaliate).

Common expressions include dendam kesumat (a deep-seated, long-lasting grudge), mendendam (to harbor a grudge), and menimbulkan dendam (to provoke or nurture revenge). The term is widely used in everyday language, literature, and media to describe interpersonal conflict.

In cultural and literary contexts, dendam is a frequent motif in Indonesian and Malay storytelling, often posing ethical questions about vengeance, justice, and reconciliation.

Psychologically, dendam reflects ongoing unresolved hurt and can influence behavior, relationships, and mental well-being. While it can motivate action, prolonged resentment is associated with negative outcomes; many traditions emphasize forgiveness or closure as a healthier route.