dekonstukció

Deconstruction is a philosophical and literary analytic method that originated with the work of Jacques Derrida. It is not a systematic method in the traditional sense, but rather a critique that questions the assumptions and binary oppositions inherent in Western thought. Deconstruction aims to reveal the instability of meaning and the ways in which language constructs and simultaneously deconstructs itself.

Key to deconstruction is the concept of différance, a neologism coined by Derrida that combines the ideas of "to differ" and "to defer." This suggests that meaning is not fixed but is constantly deferred, relying on the relationship between signs rather than any inherent essence. Deconstruction also challenges the notion of a stable, unified authorial intent, arguing that texts are open to multiple interpretations.

In practice, deconstruction involves close reading to identify contradictions, gaps, and unspoken assumptions within a text. It seeks to expose how seemingly stable concepts are, in fact, contingent and dependent on what they exclude or oppose. Deconstruction has been applied to a wide range of fields including literary theory, philosophy, architecture, and cultural studies, prompting new ways of understanding texts and the world.