cystectomyrelated
Cystectomy is the surgical removal of the urinary bladder. Cystectomy-related topics include indications for removal, operative approaches, urinary reconstruction after bladder removal, and the short- and long-term outcomes and complications.
Indications include muscle-invasive bladder cancer and select high-risk non-muscle-invasive tumors, as well as certain benign conditions.
Urinary diversion is required after cystectomy. The most common option is an ileal conduit. Other choices include
Approaches include open, laparoscopic, and robotic-assisted cystectomy. Robotic-assisted procedures are common in experienced centers and may
Cystectomy-related complications include infection, bleeding, and ileus. Urinary-diversion issues can involve stoma problems, conduit obstruction, leaks,
Postoperative care emphasizes catheter and stoma or reservoir management, cancer surveillance, and rehabilitation. Long-term outcomes depend