cyclopentanol

Cyclopentanol is an organic compound that consists of a cyclopentane ring bearing a single hydroxyl group, making it a cyclic secondary alcohol. Its formula is C5H10O. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic odor and moderate volatility.

Structure and properties: The hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon in the cyclopentane ring, giving cyclopentanol its alcohol functionality. It is less polar than shorter-chain alcohols and is soluble in many organic solvents, while exhibiting only limited solubility in water.

Production and sources: The primary production route is acid-catalyzed hydration of cyclopentene, which adds water across the carbon–carbon double bond to yield cyclopentanol. It can also be prepared by reduction of cyclopentanone.

Reactions: Like other secondary alcohols, cyclopentanol can be oxidized to cyclopentanone. It can undergo dehydration to form cyclopentene, and it participates in typical esterification and substitution reactions of alcohols, producing a variety of derivatives used in synthesis.

Applications: Cyclopentanol is used as a solvent for chemical reactions and as an intermediate in organic synthesis. It serves as a building block in the preparation of fragrances, pharmaceuticals, and specialty chemicals, and is encountered in various industrial processes.

Safety and handling: It is flammable and can irritate the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Proper ventilation, avoidance of ignition sources, and use of appropriate protective equipment are recommended. It should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from oxidizers.

See also: cyclohexanol, cyclopentene, secondary alcohols.