crex

Crex is a genus of birds in the rail family Rallidae. The most well-known species is the corncrake, Crex crex, which is found across Europe and Asia. Corncrakes are ground-dwelling birds, typically inhabiting grasslands, meadows, and agricultural fields. They are known for their distinctive creaking call, which gives them their name. These birds are migratory, spending their winters in sub-Saharan Africa.

The corncrake has a plump body, short tail, and a relatively long, stout bill. Their plumage is mottled brown and buff, providing excellent camouflage in their grassy habitats. They are shy and secretive birds, often heard more than seen. Their diet consists mainly of insects, spiders, and seeds.

Conservation efforts are in place for the corncrake due to declines in its population, largely attributed to changes in agricultural practices, such as early mowing of hayfields which can destroy nests and kill young birds. Traditional farming methods, which involved later mowing and longer grass cover, were more beneficial for the species.

The genus Crex is monotypic, meaning Crex crex is the only living species within the genus. Fossil evidence suggests the genus has a history extending back into the Pliocene epoch. The species' reliance on specific grassland habitats makes it an indicator species for the health of these environments.